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Le championnat d’Europe des nations

Le championnat d’Europe d’échecs des nations est une compétition organisée depuis 1957.

Elle met aux prises les sélections nationales des pays européens. L’équipe vainqueur est déclarée championne d’Europe. Initialement disputée tous les quatre ans entre des équipes issues de groupes préliminaires, cette compétition se déroule actuellement tous les deux ans (les années sans Olympiades), et réunit toutes les sélections nationales européennes, sans éliminatoires.

Palmarès

Année	Lieu	Champion	Deuxième	Troisième
1957	Vienne	Union soviétique	RFS de Yougoslavie	Tchécoslovaquie
1961	Oberhausen	Union soviétique	RFS de Yougoslavie	Hongrie
1965	Hambourg	Union soviétique	RFS de Yougoslavie	Hongrie
1970	Kapfenberg	Union soviétique	Hongrie	RDA
1973	Bath	Union soviétique	RFS de Yougoslavie	Hongrie
1977	Moscou	Union soviétique	Hongrie	RFS de Yougoslavie
1980	Skara	Union soviétique	Hongrie	Angleterre
1983	Plovdiv	Union soviétique	RFS de Yougoslavie	Hongrie
1989	Haïfa	Union soviétique	RFS de Yougoslavie	RFA
1992	Debrecen	Russie	Ukraine	Angleterre
1997	Pula	Angleterre	Russie	Arménie
1999	Batoumi	Arménie	Hongrie	Allemagne
2001	León	Pays-Bas	France	Allemagne
2003	Plovdiv 1	Russie	Israël	Géorgie
2005	Göteborg	Pays-Bas	Israël	France
2007	Héraklion 2	Russie	Arménie	Azerbaïdjan
2009	Novi Sad 3	Azerbaïdjan	Russie	Ukraine

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European Team Chess Championship

The European Team Championship (often abbreviated in texts and games databases as ETC) is an international team chess event, eligible for the participation of European nations whose chess federations are located in zones 1.1 to 1.9. This more or less accords with the wider definition of Europe used in other events such as the Eurovision Song Contest and includes Israel, Russia and the former Soviet States. The competition is run under the auspices of the European Chess Union (ECU).

Contents 1 Championship history 2 Championship format 3 Summary of results 3.1 Men’s team medals 3.2 Women’s team medals

Championship history

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The idea was conceived in the early 1950s, when chess organisers became aware of the need for another international team event. Consequently, a men-only Championship was devised and held every four years, with the intention of filling in the gaps between Olympiads. More recently, the Championship has grown in importance and popularity and is regarded as a prestigious tournament in its own right, providing for male and female participants.

The first Championship Final was held in Vienna and Baden bei Wien in 1957 (August 22–28). It was a double round robin and notable for the surprise victory of the Yugoslav team over the mighty Soviet team in their second encounter.

For the next twenty years, Championships occurred at four-year intervals, although the Kapfenberg event was delayed by a year. Since 1977, successive tournaments have mainly been held on a three and then a two-year cycle. A Women’s Championship, following the same cycle and venues as the men’s, was established at Debrecen in 1992.

Championship format

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Over the early years, the formula altered incrementally, to allow the participation of a growing number of teams. At the inaugural event, only four places were made available for the Finals and some teams expected to do well, simply failed to qualify from the preliminary rounds. By 1973, the competition had expanded to roughly double the size and there were twenty-four nations in the preliminaries, competing for eight places in the Finals, held in Bath. Conversely, over the same period, the number of boards played in a match was reduced from 10 to 8, presumably to reduce costs for organisers and participatory federations.

Into the new millennium, the format has changed radically and is now based on a Swiss system in 9 rounds, on the model of the Olympiad, with one section for the men’s teams and one section for the women’s teams, considered as separate competitions. At Gothenburg in 2005, the men’s competition comprised 40 teams (including Sweden B and Sweden C) and the women’s competition, 26 teams (including Sweden B). Each round was contested over 4 boards and squads included a reserve.

Historically, teams played for the pleasure of winning the Europa Cup, but nowadays this has been overshadowed by the popular medal-winning format of the ‘Olympics’ and Chess Olympiad. Gold, Silver and Bronze medals are awarded to the top 3 teams and also as board prizes for outstanding individual performances.

Plovdiv 2003 heralded a major change in the scoring methodology. Both the men’s and women’s events were, for the first time, scored by total of match points, rather than game points as had previously been the case. Game points are still recorded for purposes of tie-splitting.

Summary of results

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Men’s team medals

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Year	Location	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1957	Austria Vienna	Soviet Union Paul Keres David Bronstein Mikhail Tal Boris Spassky Tigran Petrosian Vasily Smyslov Mark Taimanov Viktor Korchnoi Alexander Tolush Isaac Boleslavsky Yuri Averbakh Lev Aronin	Yugoslavia Svetozar Gligoric Aleksandar Matanovic Borislav Ivkov Petar Trifunovic Andrija Fuderer Nikola Karaklajic Srecko Nedeljkovic Borislav Milic Mario Bertok Braslav Rabar Bozidar Durasevic Tomislav Rakic	Czech Republic Miroslav Filip Ludek Pachman Ladislav Alster František Zíta Julius Kozma Jan Sefc Jiri Fichtl Frantisek Pithart Josef Rejfir Jaroslav Jezek Frantisek Blatny Maximilian Ujtelky
1961	West Germany Oberhausen	Soviet Union Mikhail Botvinnik Mikhail Tal Paul Keres Tigran Petrosian Vasily Smyslov Viktor Korchnoi Efim Geller Mark Taimanov Lev Polugaevsky Semen Furman Alexander Tolush Vladimir Bagirov	Yugoslavia Svetozar Gligoric Petar Trifunovic Aleksandar Matanovic Mario Bertok Milan Matulovic Mijo Udovcic Dragoljub Ciric Borislav Milic Srecko Nedeljkovic Dragoljub Minic Dražen Marovic Bozidar Durasevic	Hungary Laszlo Szabo Lajos Portisch Gedeon Barcza Istvan Bilek Tibor Florian Karol Honfi Ervin Haag Jozsef Pogats Gyozo Forintos Levente Lengyel Jozsef Szily Laszlo Navarovszky
1965	West Germany Hamburg	Soviet Union Tigran Petrosian Mikhail Botvinnik Viktor Korchnoi Vasily Smyslov David Bronstein Leonid Stein Mark Taimanov Yuri Averbakh Nikolai Krogius Isaac Boleslavsky Anatoly Lein Anatoly Lutikov	Yugoslavia Borislav Ivkov Svetozar Gligoric Aleksandar Matanovic Milan Matulovic Bruno Parma Petar Trifunovic Mato Damjanovic Mijo Udovcic Dragoljub Ciric Dragoljub Minic Dražen Marovic Ivan Buljovcic	Hungary Lajos Portisch Laszlo Szabo Istvan Bilek Levente Lengyel Gedeon Barcza Gyozo Forintos Karol Honfi Peter Dely Janos Flesch Gyula Kluger Joszef Pogats Laszlo Navarovszky
1970	Austria Kapfenberg	Soviet Union Tigran Petrosian Viktor Korchnoi Lev Polugaevsky Efim Geller Vasily Smyslov Mark Taimanov Mikhail Tal Paul Keres Leonid Stein Ratmir Kholmov Yuri Balashov Aivars Gipslis	Hungary Lajos Portisch Levente Lengyel Laszlo Szabo Gedeon Barcza Laszlo Barczay Istvan Bilek Peter Dely István Csom Gyozo Forintos Karol Honfi Andras Adorjan Ervin Haag	East Germany Wolfgang Uhlmann Burkhard Malich Reinhart Fuchs Arthur Hennings Heinz Liebert Lothar Zinn Friedrich Baumbach Lutz Espig Werner Golz Lothar Vogt Manfred Schoneburg Detlef Neukirch
1973	England Bath	Soviet Union Boris Spassky Tigran Petrosian Viktor Korchnoi Anatoly Karpov Mikhail Tal Vasily Smyslov Efim Geller Gennady Kuzmin Vladimir Tukmakov Yuri Balashov	Yugoslavia Svetozar Gligoric Borislav Ivkov Ljubomir Ljubojevic Aleksandar Matanovic Bruno Parma Albin Planinc Dragoljub Velimirovic Milan Matulovic Enver Bukic Dragoljub Minic	Hungary Lajos Portisch Laszlo Szabo Istvan Bilek Zoltan Ribli István Csom Gyozo Forintos Andras Adorjan Gyula Sax Karol Honfi Janos Tompa
1977	Soviet Union Moscow	Soviet Union Anatoly Karpov Tigran Petrosian Lev Polugaevsky Mikhail Tal Yuri Balashov Efim Geller Oleg Romanishin Vitaly Tseshkovsky Iosif Dorfman Evgeny Sveshnikov	Hungary Lajos Portisch Zoltan Ribli Gyula Sax István Csom Andras Adorjan Ivan Farago Laszlo Vadasz Laszlo Barczay Peter Lukacs Laszlo Hazai	Yugoslavia Ljubomir Ljubojevic Svetozar Gligoric Aleksandar Matanovic Dragoljub Velimirovic Bruno Parma Borislav Ivkov Enver Bukic Krunoslav Hulak Milorad Knezevic Srdjan Marangunic
1980	Sweden Skara	Soviet Union Anatoly Karpov Mikhail Tal Tigran Petrosian Lev Polugaevsky Efim Geller Yuri Balashov Oleg Romanishin Rafael Vaganian Artur Yusupov Garry Kasparov	Hungary Lajos Portisch Zoltan Ribli Andras Adorjan Gyula Sax István Csom Ivan Farago Laszlo Vadasz József Pintér Peter Lukacs Laszlo Hazai	England Anthony Miles Michael Stean John Nunn Jonathan Speelman Raymond Keene William Hartston Jonathan Mestel Robert Bellin John Littlewood Simon Webb
1983	Bulgaria Plovdiv	Soviet Union Anatoly Karpov Lev Polugaevsky Tigran Petrosian Rafael Vaganian Alexander Beliavsky Vladimir Tukmakov Lev Psakhis Oleg Romanishin Artur Yusupov Efim Geller	Yugoslavia Ljubomir Ljubojevic Svetozar Gligoric Predrag Nikolic Vladimir Kovacevic Bojan Kurajica Krunoslav Hulak Dusan Rajkovic Bozidar Ivanovic Stefan Djuric Mišo Cebalo	Hungary Lajos Portisch Zoltan Ribli Gyula Sax József Pintér Andras Adorjan István Csom Ivan Farago Atilla Groszpeter Atilla Schneider Tamas Horvath
1989	Israel Haifa	Soviet Union Valery Salov Alexander Beliavsky Rafael Vaganian Mikhail Gurevich Boris Gelfand Lev Polugaevsky Viacheslav Eingorn Vladimir Tukmakov	Yugoslavia Ivan Sokolov Krunoslav Hulak Bogdan Lalic Miodrag Todorcevic Vladimir Kovacevic Dragan Barlov Ognen Cvitan Stefan Djuric	West Germany Robert Hubner Vlastimil Hort Eric Lobron Stefan Kindermann Matthias Wahls Joerg Hickl Klaus Bischoff Stefan Mohr
1992	Hungary Debrecen	Russia Garry Kasparov Evgeny Bareev Vladimir Kramnik Alexei Dreev Alexey Vyzmanavin	Ukraine Vassily Ivanchuk Alexander Beliavsky Oleg Romanishin Viacheslav Eingorn Igor Novikov	England Nigel Short Jonathan Speelman Michael Adams John Nunn Anthony Miles
1997	Croatia Pula	England Nigel Short Michael Adams Jonathan Speelman Matthew Sadler Julian Hodgson	Russia Evgeny Bareev Peter Svidler Vadim Zvjaginsev Igor Glek Yuri Yakovich	Armenia Vladimir Akopian Rafael Vaganian Smbat Lputian Artashes Minasian Ashot Anastasian
1999	Georgia Batumi	Armenia Smbat Lputian Artashes Minasian Ashot Anastasian Levon Aronian Arshak Petrosian	Hungary Peter Leko Judit Polgár Zoltan Almasi Alexander Chernin József Pintér	Germany Artur Yusupov Robert Hubner Rustem Dautov Christopher Lutz Christian Gabriel
2001	Spain León	Netherlands Loek Van Wely Jeroen Piket Sergei Tiviakov Eric van den Doel Friso Nijboer	France Étienne Bacrot Joël Lautier Christian Bauer Jean-Marc Degraeve Laurent Fressinet	Germany Christopher Lutz Robert Hubner Gerald Hertneck Klaus Bischoff Rainer Buhmann
2003	Bulgaria Plovdiv	Russia Peter Svidler Evgeny Bareev Alexander Grischuk Alexander Morozevich Alexander Khalifman	Israel Boris Gelfand Ilia Smirin Emil Sutovsky Boris Avrukh Michael Roiz	Georgia Zurab Azmaiparashvili Baadur Jobava Mikheil Mchedlishvili Georgi Kacheishvili Merab Gagunashvili
2005	Sweden Gothenburg	Netherlands Loek Van Wely Ivan Sokolov Sergei Tiviakov Jan Timman Eric van den Doel	Israel Boris Gelfand Emil Sutovsky Ilia Smirin Boris Avrukh Sergey Erenburg	France Étienne Bacrot Joël Lautier Iosif Dorfman Laurent Fressinet Christian Bauer
2007	Greece Crete	Russia Peter Svidler Alexander Morozevich Alexander Grischuk Evgeny Alekseev Dmitry Jakovenko	Armenia Levon Aronian Vladimir Akopian Gabriel Sargissian Karen Asrian Smbat Lputian	Azerbaijan Teimour Radjabov Vugar Gashimov Gadir Guseinov Shahriyar Mammadyarov Rauf Mammadov
2009	Serbia Novi Sad	Azerbaijan Teimour Radjabov Vugar Gashimov Gadir Guseinov Shahriyar Mammadyarov Rauf Mammadov	Russia Peter Svidler Alexander Morozevich Dmitry Jakovenko Evgeny Alekseev Evgeny Tomashevsky	Ukraine Pavel Eljanov Andrei Volokitin Zahar Efimenko Yuri Drozdovskij Yuriy Kryvoruchko

Women’s team medals

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Year	Location	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1992	Hungary Debrecen Details	Ukraine Alisa Galliamova Marta Litinskaya Irina Chelushkina	Georgia Ketevan Arakhamia Nino Gurieli Ketino Kachiani	Azerbaijan Firuza Valikhanli Ilaha Kadimova
1997	Croatia Pula Details	Georgia Maia Chiburdanidze Nana Ioseliani Ketevan Arakhamia	Romania Corina Peptan Cristina Foisor Elena Cosma	England Susan Lalic Harriet Hunt Ruth Sheldon
1999	Georgia Batumi Details	Slovakia Zuzana Hagarova Regina Pokorna Alena Bekiarisova	Yugoslavia Alisa Maric Natasa Bojkovic Maria Manakova	Romania Corina Peptan Szidonia Vajda Elena Cosma
2001	Spain León Details	France Maria Nepeina-Leconte Marie Sebag Roza Lallemand	Moldova Almira Skripchenko Svetlana Petrenko	England Harriet Hunt Jovanka Houska Susan Lalic
2003	Bulgaria Plovdiv Details	Armenia Elina Danielian Lilit Mkrtchian Nelly Aginian	Hungary Yelena Dembo Szidonia Vajda Anita Gara	Russia Alisa Galliamova Svetlana Matveeva Alexandra Kosteniuk
2005	Sweden Gothenburg Details	Poland Iweta Radziewicz Monika Socko Jolanta Zawadzka Joanna Dworakowska Marta Zielinska	Georgia Maia Chiburdanidze Nino Khurtsidze Maia Lomineishvili Nana Dzagnidze Ketevan Arakhamia	Russia Alexandra Kosteniuk Nadezhda Kosintseva Ekaterina Kovalevskaya Tatiana Kosintseva Alisa Galliamova
2007	Greece Crete Details	Russia Alexandra Kosteniuk Tatiana Kosintseva Nadezhda Kosintseva Ekaterina Kovalevskaya Ekaterina Korbut	Poland Monica Socko Iweta Rajlich Jolanta Zawadzka Joanna Dworakowska Marta Przezdziecka	Armenia Elina Danielian Lilit Mkrtchian Nelly Aginian Siranush Andriasian Liana Aghabekian
2009	Serbia Novi Sad Details	Russia Alexandra Kosteniuk Tatiana Kosintseva Nadezhda Kosintseva Marina Romanko Valentina Gunina	Georgia Nana Dzagnidze Lela Javakhishvili Sopiko Khukhashvili Nino Khurtsidze Bela Khotenashvili	Ukraine Kateryna Lahno Natalia Zhukova Anna Ushenina Inna Gaponenko Natalia Zdebskaya

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